In casual use these terms overlap, but technically a ‘charging station’ can refer to Level 1, 2, or DC fast equipment, while ‘fast charger’ usually implies Level 2 or above — always check the actual power rating rather than relying on the label.
Practical note
When a spec matters for a purchase decision, verify it rather than trusting packaging language alone — an inexpensive USB power meter pays for itself quickly if you buy chargers often.